Biocyclovir
Generic Name:
Aciclovir
Pharmacotherapeutic Group:
Antiviral (systemic)
Therapeutic Indication:
Treatment of initial episodes and management of recurrent episodes of genital herpes in certain patients.
Acute treatment of herpes zoster (shingles) and chickenpox (varicella).
Dosage and Administration:
Initial genital herpes: 200mg every 4 hours, 5 times daily, for 10 days.
Chronic suppressive therapy for recurrent disease: 400mg 2 times daily, for up to 12 months, followed by reevaluation.
Herpes zoster, acute treatment: 800mg every 4 hours, 5 times daily, for 5 days.
Chickenpox: 20mg/kg (not to exceed 800mg), 4 times daily, for 5days. Initiate at earliest sign or symptom.
Side Effects:
Malaise, nausea and vomiting, headache, renal failure.
Shelf life and Price:
Shelf life: 2 years.
Price:
Biocyclovir 200 mg tablets; 47890 mg, packs of 3 push back blisters, each containing 10 scored F.C. caplets.
Biocyclovir 400 mg tablets; 79860 mg, packs of 3 push back blisters, each containing 10 scored F.C. caplets.
Flubiovir
Generic Name:
Oseltamivir
Pharmacotherapeutic Group:
Antiviral (systemic)
Therapeutic Indication:
Influenza infection:
Treatment - Treatment of uncomplicated acute illness caused by influenza infection in patients >1 year of age who have been symptomatic for ≤2 days.
Prophylaxis - For prophylaxis of influenza in adults and adolescents ≥13 years of age. Oseltamivir is not substitute for early vaccination on an annual basis.
Dosage and Administration:
Treatment of influenza: Adults and Adolescents (≥13 years): the recommended oral dose of oseltamivir is 75mg twice daily for 5 days. Begin treatment within 2days of onset of influenza symptoms.
Influenza prophylaxis: The recommended oral dose of oseltamivir for influenza prophylaxis in adults and adolescents ≥13 years of age following close contact with an infected individual is 75mg once daily for ≥7 days. Therapy should begin within 2 days of exposure. The recommended dose for prophylaxis during a community outbreak of influenza is 75mg once daily.
Side Effects:
CNS: Vertigo, Headache, Insomnia, Dizziness.
GI: Vomiting, Nausea (without vomiting), Abdominal pain, Diarrhea.
Resp.: Bronchitis, Cough, (in pediatric patients): Asthma
Otic (in pediatric patients): Ear disorder, Otitis media, Tympanic membrane disorder.
Other: Fatigue, Epistaxis, Conjunctivitis, Sinusitis, dermatitis, lymphadenopathy, Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorder, rush (very rare)
Shelf life and Price:
Shelf life: 2 years.
Flubiovir 75mg capsules; packs of one push back blister, containing 10 capsules.
Biovudine
Generic Name:
Lamivudine
Pharmacotherapeutic Group:
Antiviral (systemic)
Therapeutic Indication:
HIV Infection: Lamivudine in combination with other antiretroviral agents is indicated for the treatment of HIV infection.
Chronic hepatitis B (HBV): Treatment of chronic hepatitis B associated with evidence of viral replication and active liver elimination.
Dosage and Administration:
HIV Infection:
Adults 300mg/day, administered as either 150mg twice daily or 300mg once daily, in combination with other antiretroviral agents.
Children (3 months up to 16 years of age) 4mg/kg twice daily (up to a maximum of 150mg twice a day) administered with other antiretroviral agents.
Chronic Hepatitis B:
Adults 100mg once daily. Safety and efficacy of treatment beyond 1year have not been established, and the optimum duration treatment is not known.
Children (2 to 17 years of age) 3mg/kg once daily, up to a maximum daily dose of 100mg. safety and effectiveness beyond 1year have not been established and the optimum duration of treatment is not known.
Side Effects:
CNS: Headache; neuropathy; dizziness; sleep disturbances; depression; insomnia and other sleep disorders; depressive disorders.
DERMATOLOGIC: Rash; alopecia; pruritus.
GI: Nausea; vomiting; diarrhea; anorexia; abdominal pain/cramps; dyspepsia; stomatitis.
HEMATOLOGIC: Anemia; neutropenia; hyperglycemia; weakness; lactic acidosis; lymphadenopathy; splenomegaly; lactic steatosis.
RESPIRATORY: Nasal signs and symptoms; cough; paresthesia; abnormal breath sounds/wheezing.
OTHER: Malaise; fatigue; fever; chills; myalgia; arthralgia; pancreatitis; elevated liver enzymes; musculoskeletal pain; anaphylaxis; urticaria; rhabdomyolysis; peripheral neuropathy; hepatic steatosis; muscle weakness with CPK elevation; posttreatment exacerbation of hepatitis.
Shelf life and Price:
Price:
Biovudine 100mg tablets, 120000 rls. , packs of 5 push back blisters, each containing 12 Scored F.C. tablets. Shelf life: 3 years.
Biovudine 150mg tablets, 150000 rls. , packs of 5 push back blisters, each containing 12 Scored F.C. tablets. Shelf life: 2 years.
Nelfabiovir
Generic Name:
Nelfinavir
Pharmacotherapeutic Group:
Antiviral (systemic)
Therapeutic Indication:
Nelfabiovir in combination with other antiretroviral agents is indicated for the treatment of HIV infection.
Dosage and Administration:
Adults: The recommended oral dose is 750mg (three 250mg tablets) 3 times daily in combination with nucleoside analogs.
Pediatric patients (2 to 13 years of age): 20 30 mg/kg/dose, 3 times a day.
Side Effects:
Body as a Whole: abdominal pain, accidental injury, allergic reaction, asthenia, back pain, fever, headache, malaise, redistribution/accumulation of body fat.
GI: anorexia, dyspepsia, epigastric pain, gastrointestinal bleeding, hepatitis, mouth ulceration, pancreatitis and vomiting.
HEM: anemia, leukopenia and thrombocytopenia.
Metabolic: increases in alkaline phosphate, amylase, creatine phosphokinase, lactic dehydrogenase, SGOT, SGPT and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase; hyperlipemia, hyperuricemia, hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, bilirubinemia, metabolic acidosis, dehydration and liver function tests abnormal.
Musculoskeletal: arthralgia, arthritis, cramps, myalgia, myasthenia, myopathy.
NS: anxiety, depression, dizziness, emotional lability, hyperkinesia, insomnia, migraine, paresthesia, seizures, sleep disorder, somnolence, suicide ideation.
RESP: dyspnea, pharyngitis, rhinitis, and sinusitis.
Skin/Appendages: dermatitis, folliculitis, fungal dermatitis, maculopapular rash, pruritus, sweating, and urticaria.
Special Senses: acute iritis and eye disorder.
Urogenital System: kidney calculus, sexual dysfunction and urine abnormality.
Shelf life and Price:
Shelf life: 2 years.
Price: Nelfabiovir 250mg tablets; 7500 rls. , Packs of 3 push-back blisters each containing 10 Scored F.C. tablets.
Ribabiovir
Generic Name:
Ribavirin
Pharmacotherapeutic Group:
Antiviral (systemic)
Therapeutic Indication:
In combination with recombinant interferon alfa-2b injection for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C in patients with compensated liver disease previously untreated with alpha interferon or who have relapsed following alpha interferon therapy.
Dosage and Administration:
ADULTS:
PO Patients ฃ 75 kg: two 200 mg capsules in the morning and three 200 mg capsules in the evening.
Patients > 75 kg: three 200 mg capsules in the morning and evening.
In patients whose hemoglobin levels fall < 10 g/dL, reduce the ribavirin dose to 600 mg/day (one 200 mg capsule in the morning and two 200 mg capsules in the evening). Permanently discontinue ribavirin in patients whose hemoglobin levels fall < 8.5 g/dL.
Side Effects:
CV: Cardiac arrest, hypotension,
CNS: Headache, dizziness, insomnia, irritability, depression, emotional lability, impaired concentration, nervousness, fatigue
DERM: Rash; alopecia, pruritus, injection site inflammation and reaction.
EENT: sinusitis, taste perversion, hearing disorders, vertigo.
GI: Nausea, anorexia, dyspepsia, vomiting.
HEM: hemolytic anemia, changes in hemoglobin, neutrophil, and platelet values.
RESP: dyspnea.
OTHER: Myalgia, arthralgia, musculo-skeletal pain, rigors, fever, flu-like symptoms, asthenia, chest pain.
Shelf life and Price:
Shelf life: 2 years.
Ribabiovir 250 mg capsules; Packs of 3 push-back blisters each containing 10 Scored F.C. tablets.
Retrobiovir
Generic Name:
Zidovudine
Pharmacotherapeutic Group:
Antiviral (systemic)
Therapeutic Indication:
Treatment of initial episodes and management of recurrent episodes of genital herpes in certain patients.
Acute treatment of herpes zoster (shingles) and chickenpox (varicella).
Dosage and Administration:
Retrobiovir is indicated for the treatment of HIV infection when antiretroviral therapy is warranted.
Retrobiovir is also indicated for the prevention of maternal - fetal HIV transmission.However, transmission to infants may still occur.
Retrobiovir has also been used prophylactically in health care workers at risk of acquiring HIV infection after occupational exposure to the virus. However, HIV infection has occurred in persons who received retrobiovir prophylaxis after a needlestick or other parenteral exposure.
Side Effects:
- Those indicating need for medical attention.
Anemia; leukopenia or neutropenia changes in platelet count hepatotoxicity; lactic acidosis; myopathy; neurotoxicity.
- Those indicating need for medical attention only if they continue or are bothersome:
- Severe headache; insomnia; myalgia; nausea; changes in skin pigmentation; hyperpigmentation of nails.
- Those indicating need for medical attention if they occur after medication is discontinued:
bone marrow depression
Shelf life and Price:
Shelf life: 2 years.
Price:
Retrobiovir 100 mg capsules; 60000 rls. , packs of three push back blisters, each containing 10 capsules.
Retrobiovir 300 mg tablets; 120000 rls. , packs of three push back blisters, each containing 10 F.C. tablets.